Topo map
Overview
A topo map, or topographic map, is a detailed representation of terrain that uses contour lines to show elevation changes and landforms. It is a primary tool for backcountry navigation.
Key points
- Shows elevation, terrain shape, and natural features.
- Uses contour lines to represent vertical changes.
- Includes trails, water sources, and landmarks.
- Essential for off-trail and remote navigation.
- Requires basic map-reading skills for effective use.
- Often paired with GPS for cross-verification.
Details
Topographic maps reveal landscape structure by using contour lines to represent elevation changes. They help hikers interpret valleys, ridges, slopes, water drainage, and route options.
Both printed and digital topo maps are used in backcountry travel. Understanding contour intervals, map scales, and symbols supports safe navigation and route planning.
Topo maps remain critical even when digital tools are available, offering a reliable, battery-free reference.
Related topics
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Illustrative hiking footage
The following external videos offer general visual context for typical hiking environments. They are not official route recommendations, safety instructions, or planning tools.