Snow Travel and Cornice Hazard Awareness

Snow-covered terrain introduces hazards that vary dramatically with season, location, and weather. Early in the morning, snow surfaces may be firm or icy, making travel faster but increasing the potential for a sliding fall. Later in the day, snow can soften, leading to postholing, increased effort, and the possibility of hidden voids. Meltwater can create weak snow bridges over streams or depressions, and travelers may not be able to see what lies beneath the surface.

Cornices form where wind deposits snow beyond the edge of ridges or cliffs, creating overhangs that can extend further than they appear from above. These structures can fail unpredictably, especially during warming trends or after additional loading. Avoiding travel at the very edge of snowy ridges and steering clear of slopes directly beneath visible overhangs helps reduce exposure. Snow travel skills, including use of traction devices and understanding of slope angle and runout, are specific disciplines that benefit from dedicated instruction. In situations where snow conditions are uncertain or skills are limited, altering route choices or timing can be an effective risk management strategy.