Rain Shadow
Overview
A rain shadow is an area of reduced precipitation found on the leeward side of a mountain range. Moisture is lost on the windward slope, creating distinctly drier conditions on the opposite side.
Key points
- Caused by orographic lifting and moisture loss.
- Produces dry valleys and desert environments.
- Influences water availability and trail planning.
- Creates pronounced climate differences across short distances.
- Important factor in route timing and seasonal considerations.
Details
As moist air rises along a mountain slope, it cools and releases precipitation. When the air mass descends the leeward side, it warms and absorbs moisture, leading to arid conditions. Many long-distance trails cross dramatic rain shadow transitions.
Understanding rain shadows helps hikers prepare for water scarcity, sun exposure, and temperature variation. Their presence also shapes vegetation, trail difficulty, and seasonal hazards.
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Illustrative hiking footage
The following external videos offer general visual context for typical hiking environments. They are not official route recommendations, safety instructions, or planning tools.