Minimizing Disturbance To Wildlife

Wildlife encounters are part of many long distance hikes, from birds and small mammals to large herbivores and predators. While seeing animals can be memorable, repeated close interactions can stress wildlife, change feeding patterns, or lead animals to associate humans with food.

Leave No Trace principles encourage hikers to observe animals quietly from a distance, using binoculars or cameras rather than approaching. Feeding wildlife intentionally, leaving food scraps, or allowing access to food and trash can cause animals to frequent campsites and trails, potentially increasing the likelihood of property damage, aggressive behavior, or management actions.

Food storage and odor management are important tools for minimizing disturbance. Depending on the region, this may involve bear-resistant containers, lockers, properly hung food bags, or other methods recommended by land managers. Keeping a clean kitchen area and promptly packing away food reduces the cues that attract animals.

This article describes wildlife disturbance prevention in general terms. Specific distance recommendations, food storage requirements, and seasonal restrictions are determined by local agencies and organizations, and hikers adjust their behavior accordingly when traveling through different habitats and jurisdictions.