Heat-Related Illness
Overview
Heat-related illness is an umbrella term for medical conditions caused by excessive heat exposure and impaired thermoregulation. It ranges from mild heat cramps to life-threatening heat stroke.
Key points
- Includes heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke.
- Results from environmental heat, exertion, or combined factors.
- Dehydration and electrolyte loss increase susceptibility.
- Prevention includes hydration, pacing, and environmental awareness.
- Early recognition allows for timely intervention.
Details
Heat-related illnesses occur along a spectrum of severity. Heat cramps often mark the earliest stage, characterized by muscle spasms due to electrolyte loss. Heat exhaustion represents a more serious condition involving systemic fatigue, weakness, and overheating. Heat stroke, the most severe, is a medical emergency involving dangerous core temperature elevation and neurological symptoms.
Backcountry travelers assess heat exposure when planning routes, rest intervals, and hydration strategies. Conditions such as high humidity and strong sun exposure elevate risk even when temperatures appear moderate.
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Illustrative hiking footage
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