False summit

False summit reference article on thruhikingwiki.com.

Overview

A false summit is a high point on a ridge or mountain that appears to be the final summit but reveals additional elevation gain once reached. It is a visual perception issue caused by angles and terrain shape.

Key points

  • Creates the illusion of reaching the top when additional climbing remains.
  • Common in rolling ridges and multi-tiered mountain profiles.
  • Can affect pacing and psychological expectations.
  • Topographic maps can help identify multiple high points.
  • Caused by terrain angles that obscure the true summit.
  • Often encountered on long alpine climbs or volcanic slopes.

Details

A false summit is a deceptive high point that looks like the end of a climb but conceals higher terrain that becomes visible only after reaching the apparent crest. These features are common in landscapes with multiple rises, such as mountain ridgelines, glacial moraines, or volcanic slopes.

False summits can influence morale and pacing, especially on long, demanding ascents. Hikers may expend energy anticipating the summit, only to realize additional climbing remains. Studying topographic maps or elevation profiles can reduce surprises by revealing intermediate bumps or secondary peaks.

False summits occur due to the angle of approach and the way slopes obscure distant terrain. Being aware of this phenomenon helps maintain realistic expectations and manage energy effectively.

Illustrative hiking footage

The following external videos offer general visual context for typical hiking environments. They are not official route recommendations, safety instructions, or planning tools.